It is possible that there are no
texts at all by
native speakers of Norn. The early
runic inscriptions could have been carved by
visitors: the
Papa Stour document of 1299 is said to be in "
impeccable" Old
Norwegian. Whereas as we see from the
Lord's Prayer collected about 1700, the island
dialects were quite distinct from other
Scandinavian languages by then.
Here it is as collected in Shetland:
Fy vor o(r) er i Chimeri.
Halaght vara nam dit.
La Konungdum din cumma.
La vill din vera guerde i vrildin sin da er i chimeri.
Gav vus dagh u dagloght brau.
Forgive sindor wara sin vi forgiva gem ao sinda gainst wus.
Lia wus ikè o vera tempa, but delivra wus fro(m) adlu idlu.
For do i ir Kongungdum, u puri, u glori,
Amen
And here it is from Orkney:
Fa vor i ir i chimrie,
Helleut ir i nam thite,
gilla cosdum thite cumma,
veya thine mota vara gort o yurn sinna gort i chimrie,
Ga vus da on da dalight brow vora.
Firgive vus sinna vora sin vee firgive sindara mutha vus,
lyv vus ye i tumtation, min deliv(e)ra vus fro olt ilt,
Amen.
These seem to contain a bit of English too: gainst is not Norse. The islanders were bilingual in Scots from the late 1500s. It probably died out as a living language around 1750. The clergyman George Low recorded a ballad called Hildina-kvaet in 1774 on Foula. By then a few elders could speak snatches imperfectly, and it probably remained so till just past 1800. One Thomas Irvine of Midbrake died of famine in 1803 with many other of the oldest people; his grandson, having intended to record specimens of Norn, says his source of information was cut off with that.
The first major study was by Jakob Jakobsen, in Danish, in 1908.
In May 2002 the Shetland county council decided to add Norn placenames to their signposts. The capital, Lerwick, is now also to be marked Leir-vik. The literal meaning is shit creek.