Si fueris Romae, Romano vivito more; si fueris alibi, vivito sicut ibi.
If you are at Rome, live in the Roman style; if you are elsewhere, live as they live elsewhere.
Chinese painter Chen Shu.
French mathematician Thomas Fantet de Lagny.
Italian musician and composer Alessandro Scarlatti.
French composer Pierre Dandrieu.
English naturalist Sir Hans Sloane.
English surgeon William Cowper.
Japanese Kabuki actor Ichikawa Danjuro I.
German chemist Georg Ernst Stahl, originator of the phlogiston
theory.
Russian Count Gavril Ivanovich Golovkin, traveling companion and
foreign minister to Peter the Great.
Sarah Jennings, future Duchess of Marlborough, whose political
maneuverings in Queen Anne's court would lead to her husband's disgrace
and Britain's withdrawal from The War of the Spanish Succession.
Georg Ludwig, future Elector of Hanover and king
of Great Britain.
Died in 1660:
Spanish painter Diego Rodríguez de Silva
y Velázquez.
French priest St. Vincent de Paul and his patron St. Louise
de Marillac (founder of the Daughters of Charity).
English clergyman and mathematician William Oughtred.
Italian painter Francesco Albani.
French physicist and mathematician Jacques Alexandre
Le Tenneur.
Dutch painter Judith Leyster.
Flemish mathematician Andrea Tacquet aka (Andreas Cellarius).
Dutch mathematician Frans van Schooten the Younger.
French dramatist and writer Paul Scarron.
English novelist Sir Thomas Urquhart.
Dutch mathematician Hendrik van Heuraet.
Dutch painter Govert Flynck.
Several Royalist exiles live just long enough to return home upon the
Restoration of Charles II.
English political agitator Gerrard Winstanley, leader of "The
Diggers".
Princess Mary of Orange, daughter of Charles I and mother of William of Orange.
Swedish king Charles X Gustavus. His son Charles XI succeeds
him.
Events of 1660:
-
Virginia legalizes lifelong slavery.
-
"The Restoration":
-
The military junta ruling the Commonwealth of England, having ousted
Oliver Cromwell's son Richard the previous year,
is inflicting its terrible form of government on England; soldiers break
into London houses and take what they want in lieu of pay.
-
General George Monck, commander of the Scottish contingent of the New
model Army, marches his troops south from Coldstream on the Scottish
border to take London away from them.
-
Monck makes it possible for a new Parliament to be freely elected, replacing
the Rump Parliament, a catspaw of the military.
-
Charles II, in exile in France, makes the Declaration of Breda, stating
that only certain individuals will face penalties for their actions against
his father. He also promises to pay the army's back wages.
-
The new "Cavalier Parliament" invites Charles to return as king of England,
Wales, Scotland, and Ireland, then passes the Act of Indemnity and
Oblivion, making Charles's declaration official. This is the first
step on the road to constitutional monarchy in Great Britain.
-
The "plantation" of English and Scottish settlers into Ireland ends about
this time.
-
Cardinal Jules Mazarin, prime minister of France, convinces
king Louis XIV to marry Marie-Thérèse of Austria (daughter
of Spanish King Philip IV), and not Mazarin's niece Marie Mancini, as
specified in the previous year's Peace of the Pyrenees.
-
A group of scientists resumes its informal meetings
after the soldiers that had occupied their meeting rooms since 1658 were
evicted.
-
The Polish army, led by king Jan Kazimierz defeats the Russians at the
Battle
of Polonka.
-
Charles X of Sweden makes peace with Poland and Denmark before he passes.
At the Peace of Oliva, Poland transfers sovereignty over the Duchy
of Prussia to Brandenburg.
1659 - 1660 - 1661
How They Were Made - 17th Century