Amedeo Modigliani (1884-1920) : Part of the fauvist movement (if you could say there was a distinct movement, anyway), Modigliani combined late Cezanne/early Cubism with postimpressionist colors. He often used flat, somewhat distorted shapes, with great contrast and color. He mostly painted people, often stylizing the faces into a near-African mask quality (by design). Modigliani died young due to drug abuse.

Modigliani is also acredited with making the female hourglass body shape popular. Before this point, if a woman was pointed with hips and ass, she most likely had no breasts or a waistline to speak of. Modigliani made it so the balance between the top of the body versus the bottom, attractive.