Giuseppe Verdi's Requiem was composed in
1874 to recognize the
death of Italian poet
Alessandro Manzoni. Verdi used some of his work from an unperformed
collaborative requiem for
Rossini. The Requiem was accepted
enthusiastically by all of
Europe. Between 1874-75, there were 15 authorized
performances in
Paris, four in
Vienna, and three in
London, as well as countless
unauthorized performances all over the place. Most agreed with
Brahms' assessment of the requiem: "Only a
genius could have written such a work." However, when
Wagner heard it, he is reported to have said simply, "It is better to say
nothing."
One of the most
recognizable sections of the Requiem is the
volcanic "
Dies irae", which opens with four
symphonic blasts, separated by
powerful blows on the
bass drum. The
chorus and
symphony thunder and
wail together, raging like a
catastrophic storm. The chorus sings:
Dies irae, dies illa
solvet saeclum in favilla
teste David cum Sybilla
Dies irae, dies illa
Quantus tremor est futurus,
quando Judex est venturus
cuncta stricte discussurus.
Or, in English:
Day of
wrath and
doom impending,
David's word with
Sibyl's
blending
Heaven and
earth in
ashes ending
Day of wrath and doom impending
Oh, what
fear man's bosom rendeth
When from heaven the
judge descendeth
On whose
sentence all dependeth.
*Verdi's Requiem is considered his most
condensed work, with few
operatic interruptions or
delays. Many think of it as his most
complicated and most
beautiful composition.
* The words to the Dies Irae are traditional and are used in almost all Requiems, no matter who the composer is.