The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 is a piece of U.S. legislation that was passed by Congress to ensure worker and workplace safety. The goal of the Act is to ensure that employers provide their workers with a working environment free from recognized hazards to their health and safety. These hazardous conditions include exposure to toxic chemicals, excessive noise levels, mechanical dangers, heat or cold stress, or unsanitary conditions.
The Act also created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) that acts as the research institution for the OSHA. OSHA is a division of the U.S. Dept. of Labor that oversees the administration of the Act in all 50 states. | 
