Die Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, popularly known as the Nazis. Translates into English as National Socialist German Workers' Party. Made blatant and unprecedented (well, perhaps not; Europe, especially Germany, had been a hotbed of anti-Semitism for centuries) anti-Semitism one of the bases of their party. Another key point was the destruction of Marxism, for whatever reasons.

The N.S.D.A.P. was eventually ruled by Adolph Hitler, who led the Nazis to control Germany---and most of Europe---during the 1930s and 1940s. For a history of the NSDAP, see Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich.