The combination of university jobs and state government jobs means that Madison has very little industry for a city its size; the only notable factory in the city is the Oscar Meyer meat-packing plant.
Because of the high concentration of college kids and the low concentration of actual blue-collar workers, Madison has become known for its very liberal culture in comparison to the surrounding farm communities.
The only notable contemporary celebrity from Madison is dead comedian du jour Chris Farley. Avid Computer Gamers might note that Rune developer Human Head Studios is also based in Madison. Avid computer music production enthusiasts might note that Sound Forge developer Sonic Foundry was based in Madison, until they went broke.
The city is extremely beautiful during fall, which only lasts for one or two weeks. Then you meet the coldest winter that one could ever see. At this time, it is really fun to watch Lake Mendota freeze while sipping your coffee in the Wisconsin Union Terrace and rubbing your hands together.
Madison is also notorious for its Halloween parade that enables you to see a lot of naked guys and gals.
Must see places: Mickey's Dairy Bar, Wisconsin Union, State Street, UW Arboretum, Monona Terrace
Places to drink local beer: Angelic Brewery, Great Dane Brewery, Capitol Brewery,
Things to eat: brats and brats and brats... and Babcock Hall Ice Cream
Local bands to listen: Kissers ...and if you can find them: Garbage
(Other Madison residents would no doubt have their own choices (I invite /msgs with other suggestions), but these are the favorites my wife and I have found in our four years of living in Madison. Check the phone book or Google for addresses, directions, phone numbers, and hours of operation.)
The local music scene is kind of odd. There's always music, and some people find a lot to like; however, there aren't a lot of small rock clubs, so it's a bit harder to find good alterna-/indie rock. There's also a lack of a good mid-size venue, so a lot of semi-popular touring bands skip Madison. The annual Blues Festival is always well-attended if that's your kind of thing, and there's an annual Jazz Festial as well.
The Madison Civic Center always has something going on, often touring artists and exhibitions.
Some other fun things to do are seasonal:
However, malls aren't at all the best shopping in Madison: there are a ton of neat little stores. While I'm not going to detail every damn store in town, Monroe Street on the near West side is worth checking out: they have Barrique's Wine Cave (a great wine & accessory store), Orange Tree Imports (upscale cooking implements, condiments, etc.), Seed Savers' Exchange (gardening and heirloom seeds) and other good stores.
For groceries: Copp's is probably the nicest and most expensive supermarket, where Woodman's has a somewhat industrial feel and iffy produce but is way cheap; Jennifer St. Market has probably the best meat counter; and the Willy St. Co-Op has just excellent produce and organic food.
The near-east side of Madison is basically the hippie district, centered around the famous Williamson Street area. Prior to Gulf War II, essentially every other house for miles had a "NO WAR" (or some such) sign; it's a VERY liberal area, which may be good or bad depending on your point of view. It's a generally very friendly area, with a strong sense of community.
The west side tends to be slightly more affluent, but also more homogenized and/or suburban. I have to admit, I'm an east-sider, and I'm predisposed to think of the west side as less tight-knit, and generally less eccentric and fun. However, the west side schools tend to be better, and it's probably safer than the east side.
There's definitely a political divide between the Isthmus area (downtown, near-east, and near-west Madison) and the outlying areas: in the last mayoral race, the (more liberal) winner carried the Isthmus, lost everything farther than like a couple of miles from the capitol, and pulled out the win. Think of the Bush/Gore Red/Blue divide, and that's basically what we're talking about here, with the caveat that even the more conservative outlying areas qualify as liberal Democrat territory - it's just that the Isthmus is what earned the city the nickname "The People's Republic of Madison."
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